中国三北地区冻结滞水的森林生态环境正负效应研究

三北地区 冻结滞水 生态环境
那平山 2000-01 项目
【英文摘要】In the course of the study on the frozen stagnant water formation mechanism 49662009, the study showed, it was an important component of water factor of eco-environment and it had the effect to maintain ecological balance or imbalance. Issued relative papers about the frozen stagnant water had been recognized, supported and rewarded by domestic and foreign experts. So it was determined the direction. Details of the study are that they were including in the three-north area of China different eco-environment of the freezing-melting water quantities, resorted time and its dynamic changes. It was the relativity to eco-environment factors, the unique inverted water abundance of the frozen stagnant water, especially unique inverted water abundance, the ecological environment of the factors, and water metabolism during trees dormant period. In drainage areas of woods’ areas water balance calculations could identify the development trends to woods wetlands and forest ecology. The results were that it broke through traditional concepts, and extended a new cross-studying field to the hydrogeology and the eco-environment. The study revealed the "the frozen earth" was the containing water layer, and it was the essential result for “the frozen earth disaster” by the freezing-melting physical change of the frozen stagnant water. The study identified that the frozen stagnant water was the indispensable water resources for plant survival in trees dormant period. The optimum average water content for the frozen stagnant water was 20~40%. Leading the frozen stagnant water concepts, theories and technique to forest ecology subject, the study further widened the interdisciplinary research fields of the hydrogeology and ecology, physiology. It had an important academic value to develop academic disciplines with theoretical and practical significance to break through the new question to trees’ water metabolic quantity and mechanisms during the period of trees’ winter dormancy. The study had issued 13 papers. 16 researchers participated in domestic and international seminars and academic conferences in the Mainland and Hong Kong many times.
【中文摘要】在研究冻结滞水形成机制49662009过程中,发现冻结滞水是生态环境的水因子重要组成部分,具有维持生态平衡或失调的效应。相关论文发表后,获得国内外专家的认可和支持,从而确定了本项研究方向。主要研究三北地区不同生态环境冻结滞水的冻、融水量,滞留时间等动态变化规律;冻结滞水独特的倒置富水性,与生态环境各因子,及与树木休眠期水分代谢的相关性;林区流域内水均衡计算,确定林区湿地和森林生态环境发展趋势。研究成果突破了传统理念,开拓了交叉研究新领域。揭示了“冻土”是冻结滞水的含水层,“冻土”的灾害是由冻结滞水的冻融物理变态作用结果的真谛;确定了冻结滞水是维持树木越冬期水分代谢均衡、森林生态环境可持续发展和树木生存繁衍能力不可缺少的水资源。最佳冻结滞水平均含水量为20~40%。将冻结滞水的概念、理论技术切入森林生态学科。进一步拓宽了水文地质学与生态、生理学科交叉研究领域,对破解树木越冬期间水分代谢量及代谢机理的新问题,具有重要学术价值,促使学科发展,具有理论和实践意义。先后发表论文13篇学术论文,共有16人次参加在国内和香港召开的国内、国际学术研讨会。关键词:三北地区;冻结滞水;生态环境;效应