天山托木尔峰南坡科其喀尔山区降水观测及空间分布特征研究

寒区水文 降水观测 空间代表性 空间插值 托木尔峰
赵传成 2014-01 项目
Precipitation plays an important role in the hydrothermal circulation and climate change. The accurate of precipitation data is not only directly affect watershed range of hydrological processes, but also essential for regional and global scales of climate and hydrological. Due to the limits of natural, economic and technical in alpine mountainous, sparse of observations and unreasonable distribution, are constrain the information obtained and affect the development of hydrological model. In order to enhance observation networks, a certain amount of the automatic weather stations and monthly rain gauge are increased in Koxker at the south slope of Tuomuer mountain to analysis the representation ability of site stations at different time scales. The precipitation gradient and the spatial distribution of precipitation characteristics is analyzed based on existing observational data combined the DEM. The high-resolution precipitation products are obtained using the interpolation based on topography and evaluation data accuracy. The products provided the key drive data for various types of model development and ecological-hydrological process studies, and provide a scientific basis for ecological protection and construction, and sustainable development of tianshan mountains regional.
降水是地球系统水热循环以及气候变化研究的重要环节, 降水资料的准确与否不仅直接影响流域尺度的水文过程研究,且对区域乃至全球尺度的气候和水文研究至关重要。在高寒山区,由于自然条件和经济技术的限制,常规降水观测台站稀少且分布不合理,极大制约了降水空间分布信息的获取,成为水文模型发展的瓶颈。本项目拟通过以托木尔峰南坡科其喀尔的定位观测资料为基础,通过增加自动观测站和总雨量筒加强降水观测,分析研究区不同时间尺度台站降水代表性,接合DEM确定科其喀尔山区的降水梯度及降水空间分布特征,利用基于地理空间特征的插值方法生成科其喀尔高时空分辨率的降水产品并进行精度评价,为流域各类模型发展和生态-水文过程研究提供关键驱动数据集,为下游的生态保护和建设、水资源的管理和利用提供基础数据。