Bacterial antibiotic resistance (AR) is a global human health issue. Although traditional AR research is primarily conducted on human pathogens, studies in the past ten years on soil microbial communities have revealed enormous diversity of bacterial AR genes, which was hence termed the soil resistome. Research conducted in Arctic and Antarctic regions, where anthropogenic activities are limited, have produced great insights into the evolution and proliferation of bacterial AR genes. As the “Third Pole”, the Tibetan Plateau has its unique geological, solar, hydrological, and climatic patterns, which may uniquely shape its soil resistome. This project aims to study the diversity of soil resistome on the Tibetan Plateau, and the research approach involves field sampling, laboratory sample processing, high throughput metagenomic sequencing, and bioinformatic data analysis. The project design maximizes the complementary technical expertise and infrastructure resources of the applicant and the collaborator. The successful implementation of the project will initiate a new research field based on the unique geography of the Tibetan Plateau, and will contribute to the advancement of global soil resistome research.