【英文摘要】More than 70% of water resources come from glacier-snow melting and rainfall of Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang, rivers are sensitive to changes of the cryosphere as global warming. On the basis of the strengthening field observation and investigation, documentation, and modeling, the project studies the climate change and water cycle trends in cold regions of the Tianshan Mountains, and clarifies mechanism of the water resource and water cycle response to climate change in the cryosphere in Xinjiang, completing the proposal research project, and achieving the expected goal, and we obtains the following progress: 1)Mapping a topographic map with scale of 1:5000 of Glacier No. 1 at Urumqi Rive, showing glacier area decreased by 15.6% during1962-2008. The mass balance of Glacier No. 1 have accelerated loss trends since 1985; 2) The horizontal components of net input of water vapor showed a decreasing trend, while the vertical component had an increasing trend during the period of 1978 to 2003, when global warming remarkable, leading to increased precipitation in mountainous areas, and the expansion of Tianshan mountain wetting island area, rivers discharges also increasing accordingly; 3) for the snow-dominated watershed, river hydrological processes response to climate warming result in the shift of the maximum flood peak discharge from June to May; the largest monthly runoff increment and summer runoff decreased significantly; for rivers with glacier-melting supply, hydrological process response to climate warming in the summer runoff significantly increased, increasing flooding volume of the flood period and the annual runoff; the glacier lake outburst floods may become more dangerous in Tianshan. For no glacier-melting supply rivers, runoff has decreasing trend, had impact significantly on security of water supply of the downstream, and drought exacerbated. Due to different changes in rivers fed by ice and snow melting water, and its corresponding water supply and flood safety management in the downstream had a significant impact, and need to adaptation the adjustment of hydrological processes, and the mitigation impact of climate change on water security in the Xinjiang.