Land use and land cover change in high mountain areas is the most sensitive and an important aspect to global climate change. Koshi River Basin (KRB), a trans-boundary river basin in the middle of the Himalayas and at southern margin of Tibetan Plateau, was taken as our study area. According to investigation in regional integrated, typical types and typical regional, a unified classification system in the KRB will be constructed taking accounting of differences of land-cover classification systems in China and Nepal. Multi-phase remote sensing images at different spatial scales will be interpreted by references obtained from field survey in typical types and typical land-cover changes. These land-cover types and regions sensitive to climate change and their extents and degress will be extracted by spatial analysis methods at different scales. Incorporating territorial, climate and social-economic data into Partial Least Squares regression Model and Auto-Logistic regression model, the quantitative relationship between anthropogenic and natural effects on typical land-cover types and regions will be focused to analyze their spatial difference in the KRB. Using comparing analysis method between spatial buffer zones, the differences in land-cover change, spatial variation and its driving forces at diverse thematic scales will be further studies by comparing border regions in China and Nepal, border towns on both countries, and important traffic tunnels across two countries. By comparing the influence of different climatic conditions under similar social background on land-cover change, the effects of different cultures on these cover types will be found out. It will provide case study for alpine areas on LUCC research, and promote development of the world mountain research.