【英文摘要】The book is the systematic summation of 3 research projects supported by the National Natural Foundation. It covers spatial variability and scale effect of soil water and salt information, basic prediction theory and practice, prediction theoryand practice for large and complex area , conditional simulation and practice,detemination and analysis of robust variogram, artificial neural network method for 1D estimation of soil water and salt in frozon soil. It can used as an refference book for PhD and master students and teacheres in high schools and scientific and technical persennel in the fields of water resources engineering, soil physics,geohydrology, mining, precision agriculture and ecology.