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Purpose: The research examines the variation of soil erodibility index and physical characteristics due to iron placer mining activities and assesses the environmental impact of mining project by using MICOLD matrices.Methods: The research employed field samplings, laboratory analysis, and statistical analysis to study the variation of soil erodibility index and physical characteristics caused by iron placer mining activities. The study collected soil samples from the study area and conducted laboratory analysis to examine the physical and chemical properties of the soil. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the data and identify the variation in soil erodibility index compared to natural conditions. Also, by modifying ICOLD matrices, environmental impact assessment of the project was evaluated.Results: The results of the paper indicate that there are significant differences between treated and untreated soils in terms of physical and chemical properties. The soil erodibility property (Ks) differs by -14.71% from natural conditions in top soils, although not significant statistically. In subsoil, Ks, clay, sand, Sp, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe, and K differ significantly from untreated conditions (-43.38%, 35%, -15.07%, 5.28%, -192.50%, -242.55%, -101.86%, -333.34%, and -31.41%). The matrix of prediction and identification of the impacts related to the implementation of the mining project was created in two phases (construction phase and exploitation phase), the results of which show the total points in the construction phase and the exploitation phase have positive impacts and are equal to +71 and +171, respectively.Conclusions: The study examines the effects of iron placer mining operations on soil erosion characteristics and erodibility and suggests environmentally friendly solutions for minimizing the effects of mining on soil erosion. The research findings highlight the importance of considering physical characteristics of soils such as texture, infiltration, bulk density, and soil erodibility in evaluating the performance and efficiency of any project implemented on the Earth's surface. It emphasizes the need for designing well-operated devices and structures with little environmental damage to promote eco-innovation and green growth. The paper suggests that the environment is the most critical aspect of green surface mining, followed by efficiency and safety, and highlights the importance of microorganisms in mining environments and their role in constructing and producing primary succession for plant communities.

来源平台：APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL SOIL SCIENCE