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The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) and the circum-Arctic region, as the main distribution areas of high-altitude and high-latitude permafrost in the Northern Hemisphere, significantly influence regional climate, ecological, and hydrological systems through land-atmosphere energy and water exchange processes. This study analyzed the characteristic in the surface energy budget and regional differences in this parameter between the permafrost regions of the QTP (Tanggula site) and circum-Arctic (Tussock site) using meteorological observations and eddy covariance data. Additionally, potential causes of these differences were explored. The results showed seasonal variations and regional disparities in surface energy budgets between the two permafrost regions. At the Tanggula site, the sensible heat flux (H) dominated energy exchange during the cold seasons, while the latent heat flux (LE) dominated during monsoon periods. In contrast, at the Tussock site, H dominated year-round, including negative H during the cold seasons, with year-round suppression of LE. Meanwhile, at Tanggula, diurnal variations revealed single-peak patterns across different freeze-thaw stages, with H and LE responding significantly to changes in the net radiation flux (Rn). The Tussock site displayed a single-peak trend during thawing periods but experienced negative Rn during freezing periods, indicating that the surface energy budget is strongly impacted by freeze-thaw cycles. This study provides a basis for assessing climatic, ecological, hydrological, and engineering effects induced by rapid changes in permafrost.

来源平台：THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY