In order to improve the quality of transplanting devices and solve the problems of the poor effect on soil moisture conservation and more weeds easily growing due to the high mulching-film damage rate with an excessive number of hole openings, we developed a dibble-type transplanting device consisting of a dibble-type transplanting unit, a transplanting disc, and a dibble axis. The ADAMS software Adams2020 (64bit) was used to simulate and analyze the kinematic track of the transplanting device. The results of the analysis show that, when the hole opening of the envelope in the longitudinal dimension was the smallest, the transplanting characteristic coefficient was 1.034, the transplanting angle was 95 degrees, and the transplanting frequency had no influence. With the help of the ANSYS WORKBENCH software Ansys19.2 (64bit), an analysis of the process of the formation of an opening in the mulching film and a mechanical simulation of this process were completed. The results indicate that, when the maximum shear stress of the mulching film was the smallest, the transplanting characteristic coefficient was 1.000, the transplanting frequency was 36 plants center dot min-1, and the transplanting angle was 95 degrees. In addition, the device was tested in a film-breaking experiment on a soil-tank test bench to verify the hole opening in the mulching film. The bench test showed that, when the longitudinal dimension was the smallest, the transplanting characteristic coefficient was 1.034, the transplanting frequency was 36 plants center dot min-1, and the transplanting angle was 95 degrees. When the lateral dimension was the smallest, the transplanting characteristic coefficient was 1.034, the transplanting frequency was 36 plants center dot min-1, and the transplanting angle was 90 degrees. The theoretical analysis, kinematic simulation, and soil-tank test results were consistent, verifying the validity and ensuring the feasibility of the transplanting device. This study provides a reference for the development of transplanting devices.

为了解决由积雪引起的彩钢瓦屋顶坍塌现象，设计一种新型彩钢瓦屋顶除雪机。提出了推移式除雪和隔热保温的总体设计方案，制定了除雪和隔热保温工艺路线，对除雪机进行了结构设计、样机测试和控制设计等。使用UG软件对除雪机进行三维建模；采用ANSYS Workbench对零件进行有限元分析，检验设计的合理性；采用西门子S-200 SMART PLC作为核心控制器，完成控制原理图设计，及驱动装置、人机交互设备和各类传感器选型。结果表明，所设计的除雪机可以实现彩钢瓦屋顶的自动除雪，与人工相比效率高、安全性高、操作方便，并无除雪不均的问题出现。除雪机的设计改变了传统人工除雪方式，其结构可靠、容易操作、效率较高，可为其他斜屋顶的自动除雪提供一种新的解决方案。