Global warming and algal blooms have been two of the most pressing problems faced by the world today. In recent decades, numerous studies indicated that global warming promoted the expansion of algal blooms. However, research on how algal blooms respond to global warming is scant. Global warming coupled with eutrophication promoted the rapid growth of phytoplankton, which resulted in an expansion of algal blooms. Algal blooms are affected by the combined effects of global warming, including increases in temperatures, CO2 concentration, and nutrient input to aquatic systems by extreme weather events. Since the growth of phytoplankton requires CO2, they appear to act as a carbon sink. Unfortunately, algal blooms will release CH4, CO2, and inorganic nitrogen when they die and decompose. As substrate nitrogen increases from decompose algal biomass, more N2O will be released by nitrification and denitrification. In comparison to CO2, CH4 has 28-fold and N2O has 265-fold greenhouse effect. Moreover, algal blooms in the polar regions may contribute to melting glaciers and sea ice (will release greenhouse gas, which contribute to global warming) by reducing surface albedo, which consequently would accelerate global warming. Thus, algal blooms and global warming could form feedback loops which prevent human survival and development. Future researches shall examine the mechanism, trend, strength, and control strategies involved in this mutual feedback. Additionally, it will promote global projects of environmental protection combining governance greenhouse gas emissions and algal blooms, to form a geoengineering for regulating the cycles of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

China has built the world's largest high-speed railway (HSR) network, which has fueled regional economic growth. Mounting photovoltaics (PV) on the roofs of HSR station houses and platforms can potentially provide electricity for high-speed trains, change the energy mix, and reduce emissions. Therefore, it is crucial to assess the technical potential and economic environmental performance of PV for the HSR infrastructure. In this study, the PV potential of 973 stations of 108 HSR lines in China was studied in conjunction with geographic infor-mation system (GIS). The results showed that the PV capacity that can be deployed in China's HSR stations at horizontal and optimum tilt angles was 4.36 GW and 2.81 GW, with a total power generation capacity of 108.55 TWh and 74.88 TWh, respectively, which presented a huge power generation potential. The economic analysis showed that the All-consumption scenario and optimum tilt angle had better economic profits than the All-feed-into-grid scenario and the horizontal angle, respectively. Moreover, the use of PV could reduce carbon emissions by HSR stations by 79,895.73 kilotons and 55,112.53 kilotons at horizontal and optimum tilt angles, respec-tively. The study revealed that the combination of PV and HSR infrastructure was a good strategy for sustainable transportation and carbon neutrality goals.