The recent increase of the air temperature due to the global climate change is considered as one of the important reasons for the wildfires increase in the world, even in areas where the wildfires are not that common. In addition to the various physical damages adversely affecting the ecological balance, harmful gases and solid particles are released into the atmosphere due to wildfires, causing serious health problems. In this study, impacts of the most serious forest fire in modern history of the country lasting 16 days from 23rd of July 2022 in the National Park Bohemian Switzerland in the D & ecaron;& ccaron;& iacute;n district, Czech Republic, were investigated using remote sensing satellite datasets by cloud-based Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. The normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), normalized burn ratio index (NBR), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), land surface temperature (LST) and soil moisture index (SMI) were calculated from Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager and Thermal Infrared Sensor (OLI and TIRS) dataset for the dates of 31st October 2021, 18th June 2022, and 31st October 2022. Relationship of the remote sensing indices were calculated to estimate the impacts of the wildfire. Furthermore, distribution of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) was extracted using Sentinel-5P TROPOMI (Tropospheric Monitoring Instrument) to observe changes before and after the forest fire in the study region. The burnt area approximately 13.20 km2 from the total area of 79.28 km2 was detected using different time series of the remote sensing indices in the national park.

Context The failure of the Fund & atilde;o dam devastated a large area of the Atlantic Forest, causing damage to and loss of riparian forests. Considering all the ecological roles of a terrestrial and freshwater community, it is necessary to understand the functioning of riparian forests and their regenerative potential, which will be decisive in selecting actions to restore these ecosystems, especially Atlantic Forest remnants. Aims We evaluated the flora and structure of the regenerating stratum in three riparian vegetation remnants along the Rio Doce basin to support the propagation and restoration of the affected environments. Methods Plots of 5 m x 5 m were made in each area, totalling 77 sampling units. In these plots, all woody individuals with a diameter at soil height (DSH) of at least >= 1 cm and diameter at breast height (1.3 m from the soil) of at least <5 cm were marked, measured (in height and DSH), sampled and identified. Key results A total of 275 species distributed in 47 families were sampled, with Fabaceae the most diverse family and Siparuna guianensis Aubl. the most abundant species. Variation in beta diversity was significant, and composition analysis showed that plots of each area tended to cluster. Principal component analysis and linear models showed that the edaphic parameters were not related to the richness and abundance of species in the sampled areas. Conclusions The areas sampled here serve as a reference for the restoration of impacted areas. Implications This study represents an important step towards knowing the species in reference areas for an active and efficient restoration in impacted areas.