冰湖作为冰川融水主要储蓄载体，能在一定程度延缓区域冰川淡水资源流失，但也为冰湖溃决洪水(Glacial Lake Outburst Floods, GLOFs)、滑坡、泥石流等山地灾害发生提供了孕灾场所，是众多山地冰川灾害链的重要环节。升温、极端气候变化扰动下，冰川物质亏损/减薄速率进一步加剧，冰湖形态变化速率加快、GLOFs发生频次与规模有所提升、灾害影响效应愈发显著，对高海拔山地冰川区下游居民生命财产和基础设施安全带来潜在风险。鉴于此，本文以冰湖与GLOFs研究为主题，首先，通过冰湖研究文献计量分析确定了近些年研究热点专题；其次，围绕山地冰川冰湖与GLOFs研究的3个主要方向：冰湖与GLOFs遥感监测、冰湖时空演化与冰川变化分析及未来潜在冰湖探测、冰湖灾害风险评估与GLOFs案例研究，遴选10项重要专题内容，分门别类、系统梳理总结、剖析了国内外研究进展，阐述了当下研究存在不足；最后，针对所选专题结合技术发展趋势与研究热点问题，围绕冰湖形态信息与GLOFs智能提取、冰川-冰(前/面)湖系统演化及其气候变化响应关系、冰湖监测预警与灾害防治内容，对未来研究做了一定展望，以期为山地冰川冰湖...

冰湖作为冰川融水主要储蓄载体，能在一定程度延缓区域冰川淡水资源流失，但也为冰湖溃决洪水(Glacial Lake Outburst Floods, GLOFs)、滑坡、泥石流等山地灾害发生提供了孕灾场所，是众多山地冰川灾害链的重要环节。升温、极端气候变化扰动下，冰川物质亏损/减薄速率进一步加剧，冰湖形态变化速率加快、GLOFs发生频次与规模有所提升、灾害影响效应愈发显著，对高海拔山地冰川区下游居民生命财产和基础设施安全带来潜在风险。鉴于此，本文以冰湖与GLOFs研究为主题，首先，通过冰湖研究文献计量分析确定了近些年研究热点专题；其次，围绕山地冰川冰湖与GLOFs研究的3个主要方向：冰湖与GLOFs遥感监测、冰湖时空演化与冰川变化分析及未来潜在冰湖探测、冰湖灾害风险评估与GLOFs案例研究，遴选10项重要专题内容，分门别类、系统梳理总结、剖析了国内外研究进展，阐述了当下研究存在不足；最后，针对所选专题结合技术发展趋势与研究热点问题，围绕冰湖形态信息与GLOFs智能提取、冰川-冰(前/面)湖系统演化及其气候变化响应关系、冰湖监测预警与灾害防治内容，对未来研究做了一定展望，以期为山地冰川冰湖...

冰湖作为冰川融水主要储蓄载体，能在一定程度延缓区域冰川淡水资源流失，但也为冰湖溃决洪水(Glacial Lake Outburst Floods, GLOFs)、滑坡、泥石流等山地灾害发生提供了孕灾场所，是众多山地冰川灾害链的重要环节。升温、极端气候变化扰动下，冰川物质亏损/减薄速率进一步加剧，冰湖形态变化速率加快、GLOFs发生频次与规模有所提升、灾害影响效应愈发显著，对高海拔山地冰川区下游居民生命财产和基础设施安全带来潜在风险。鉴于此，本文以冰湖与GLOFs研究为主题，首先，通过冰湖研究文献计量分析确定了近些年研究热点专题；其次，围绕山地冰川冰湖与GLOFs研究的3个主要方向：冰湖与GLOFs遥感监测、冰湖时空演化与冰川变化分析及未来潜在冰湖探测、冰湖灾害风险评估与GLOFs案例研究，遴选10项重要专题内容，分门别类、系统梳理总结、剖析了国内外研究进展，阐述了当下研究存在不足；最后，针对所选专题结合技术发展趋势与研究热点问题，围绕冰湖形态信息与GLOFs智能提取、冰川-冰(前/面)湖系统演化及其气候变化响应关系、冰湖监测预警与灾害防治内容，对未来研究做了一定展望，以期为山地冰川冰湖...

Glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) are a severe hazard in the Himalayas. Glacial lake expansion and the corresponding volume increase play major roles in GLOFs as well as climate change. Furthermore, mass movement and dam conditions play a major role in the GLOF initiation process. Recently, because of global warming, glacial lakes in the central Himalayas have been expanding rapidly. Owing to a lack of systematic assessment and meticulous field surveys, people living downstream are at great risk of GLOFs. Comprehensive investigations and assessment of the relationships among lake expansion, lake dam conditions, and GLOF risk are urgently needed. In this study, we surveyed Jialong Co, a typical end-moraine dammed lake in Poiqu River in the central Himalayas by using Landsat and Sentinel satellite images from the past 32 years, field work, and depth measurements using an unmanned surface vessel on August 28, 2020. The results showed that Jialong Co had experienced slow-quick-slow expansion, increasing in area from 0.13 +/- 0.03 to 0.60 +/- 0.02 km(2). The lake bathymetric map revealed that the lake volume was (3.75 +/- 0.38) x 10(7) m(3) in 2020. Lake expansion occurred in the area from which the mother glacier retreated, indicating a close connection between the lake and its mother glacier and revealing that topography controlled the lake expansion process. Furthermore, thorough field work revealed that outlet dynamics and external water erosion are vulnerable elements in the disaster chain that initiate and affect the GLOF hazard of Jialong Co. Overall, this case study could help scholars understand the expansion mechanism of end-moraine dammed lakes and aid in hazard assessment of glacial lakes in the central Himalayas. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) is one of the major natural disasters in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). On 25 June 2020, the outburst of the Jiwenco Glacial Lake (JGL) in the upper reaches of Nidu river in Jiari County of the QTP reached the downstream Niwu Township on 26 June, causing damage to many bridges, roads, houses, and other infrastructure, and disrupting telecommunications for several days. Based on radar and optical image data, the evolution of the JGL before and after the outburst was analyzed. The results showed that the area and storage capacity of the JGL were 0.58 square kilometers and 0.071 cubic kilometers, respectively, before the outburst (29 May), and only 0.26 square kilometers and 0.017 cubic kilometers remained after the outburst (27 July). The outburst reservoir capacity was as high as 5.4 million cubic meters. The main cause of the JGL outburst was the heavy precipitation process before outburst and the ice/snow/landslides entering the lake was the direct inducement. The outburst flood/debris flow disaster also led to many sections of the river and buildings in Niwu Township at high risk. Therefore, it is urgent to pay more attention to glacial lake outburst floods and other low-probability disasters, and early real-time engineering measures should be taken to minimize their potential impacts.