This study focuses on the challenge of identifying the most destructive earthquakes to minimize earthquakeinduced damage, with particular attention to the seismic behavior of special reinforced concrete moment frames (RCMFs) and the influence of soil-structure interaction (SSI). To achieve this objective, a numerical model was developed in OpenSEES platform to analyze RCMFs with heights of 2, 6 and 10 stories on four different soil types (Site Classes B to E). Also, to consider the effect of SSI, the study utilized a Beam on Nonlinear Winkler Foundation approach (BNWF), incorporating springs and dashpots. An extensive set of earthquake records, including 274 horizontal ground motion records, categorized based on shear wave velocity for each site class, was employed. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) was used to identify the most destructive earthquake scenarios, with maximum inter-story drift serving as the damage measure (DM) for the four seismic performance levels proposed by HAZUS and peak ground acceleration (PGA) as the intensity measure (IM). After performing correlation analysis between the 57 ground motion parameters (GMPs) and the maximum inter-story drift, followed by an inter-correlation analysis among the candidate GMPs, it was ultimately determined that the GMPs: Vmax/Amax, Tm and F5PSD, accurately represent the potential for seismic damage. IDA results highlighted the significant influence of SSI on the seismic performance of structure, especially in taller buildings constructed on softer soil types. Finally, two equations were developed based on the identified GMPs to determine and rank destructive earthquakes for both SSI and no-SSI (NSSI) conditions.

Aftershocks frequently induce further damage to slopes that have already been compromised by mainshocks. Most of the current research concentrates on the case-based studies of structural response to the mainshock-aftershock sequences (MAS), however, the influence of the MAS parameter characteristics has not been adequately considered. In this study, the peak characteristic, spectrum characteristic, cumulative characteristic and polarity effect of the MAS were considered, the correlation between 21 MAS parameters and slope response were analyzed, and the response characteristics of soil slope under the MAS action were comprehensively and systematically revealed. The results show that: (1) Aftershocks can induce significant incremental damage to slopes, with the extent of this damage being contingent upon the severity of damage caused by the mainshock; (2) Among the MAS parameters, the Cumulative Absolute Velocity (CAV(ma)) and Peak Ground Velocity (PGV(ma)) are optimal for assessing the response of soil slopes under MAS conditions. Furthermore, the incremental damage caused by aftershocks can be predicted using the displacement increment ratio (delta(D)); (3) The polarity of the MAS has an impact on the displacement of the slope, following the pattern: MAS along-slope direction > mainshock along-slope direction and aftershock reverse-slope direction > aftershock along-slope direction and mainshock reverse-slope direction > MAS reverse-slope direction; (4) The MAS polarity also affects the correlation between the MAS parameters and the slope displacement response, especially for the aftershock displacement. The research results aim to provide a foundation for the selection of evaluation factors and the analysis of soil slopes stability under the MAS action.