In ocean engineering, polymer layer is often adopted as waterproof materials, and the mechanical behaviour of marine sand-polymer layer interfaces has significant influence on the engineering safety. In the research, based on the bespoke large temperature-controlled interface shear equipment, direct shear experiments were performed on the interfaces between polymer layer and marine sand with the particle size ranging from 1 mm to 2 mm (S1 marine sand) and from 2 mm to 4 mm (S2 marine sand) in the temperature range of-5 degrees C-80 degrees C. The test outcomes manifest that, both the change rules of interface peak shear strength and its sensitivity to normal stress variation are temperature dependent; The variation rules of the interface peak shear strength in elevated temperature are different in diverse normal stress. By adopting the experimental outcomes, machine learning models were established to predict the interface shear stress under the effects of temperature and soil particle, with higher estimating precision and efficiency. The research findings are beneficial for the correct design of marine engineering facilities related to marine sand-polymer layer interfaces.