Here, we investigate how the oxidation state of Cr adsorbed to solid surfaces can change during XPS analysis. Experiments are performed to test how Fe(III) solid surfaces, aqueous chemistry, and XPS vacuum conditions affected the measured Cr oxidation state. While oxidized Cr(VI) adsorbs onto nonreducing solid surfaces in the experiments, reduced Cr(III) is primarily measured by XPS. The reduction of adsorbed Cr(VI) occurs under the vacuum conditions of the XPS as CO2, O-2, and H2O are removed from the sample surface. These results suggest that Fe(III) solid surfaces exposed to high-vacuum conditions and/or X-rays can cause the reduction of Cr or other elements with a high redox potential contained on that surface.

为解决G214线共和—结古公路冻土路基施工过程中出现的挤塑式聚苯乙烯(XPS)保温板路基弯沉不达标及选材标准等问题,针对不同厂家生产的XPS保温板开展了单轴压缩试验,得到了其弹性模量和抗压强度,采用数值方法研究了XPS保温板弹性模量对路基弯沉的影响规律,分别计算了其在施工荷载和工后荷载条件下的应力分布。基于计算结果提出了能够满足冻土路基设计要求的XPS保温板力学性能指标。研究结果表明:路用XPS保温板应同时满足以下2个条件,即为满足路基弯沉的设计要求,弹性模量应大于45MPa,为满足施工期和工后运营期的强度要求,抗压强度不得小于500kPa。

针对XPS板隔热层在多年冻土区路基中应用的适宜性展开研究,分析了XPS板路基形式的温度随深度、宽度和时间的变化情况。结果表明:各个测点的地温年变化近似均呈现正弦分布形式,且地温周期大致相同;各个测点的全年温差随深度增加均减小,可推断出活动层厚度;路基横断面对称位置处呈现不对称性,可能导致路基的不均匀变形。研究成果可进一步为类似工程提供依据。