To quantify the influence of basic physical properties and cyclic loading conditions on the liquefaction properties of sandy soils, this study uses a combination of physical experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the liquefaction behavior of saturated sandy soils under undrained conditions and their relationship to physical property parameters and external loads. A numerical model with discrete elements was created based on cyclic triaxial tests. A numerical study and predictive analysis of liquefaction of common bulk samples were carried out in conjunction with a PSO-BP neural network prediction model. Using a multivariate analysis of variance and a random forest model, the complexity of the influence of physical parameters and external loads on soil liquefaction was investigated. Quantitative results indicate that particle size distribution, external loads and effective internal friction angle have a significant influence on the liquefaction of saturated sandy soils. In summary, the results of this study provide new insights into understanding the liquefaction behavior of sandy soils.

Soil liquefaction would cause significant damage to the safety of cargo transportation. The aim of this article is to conduct a quantitative study of the influence of the main physical characteristic parameters of saturated sand and external loads on its liquefaction. On the basis of the physical cyclic triaxial test (CTT), the finite element simulation model and PSO-BP neural network prediction model and importance analysis model were optimised in this study. Based on this, an innovative intelligent numerical CTT system for saturated sand was constructed. The research results indicate the influence of external load, effective internal friction Angle and plasticity index on the liquefaction of saturated sand is significant, and the average weight is 40.15%, 29.15% and 25.05%, respectively. In this paper, the relevant research provides a theoretical basis for effective control of sand liquefaction and provides new ideas and feasible solutions for subsequent research on sand liquefaction.