The perceptions and attitudes of community residents are a mirror of tourism development. Little research has been conducted on the effects of place attachment and emotional solidarity on community residents' attitudes toward tourism in China's glacier tourism-related areas. In this paper, we selected the southernmost marine glacier in China, Hailuogou Glacier Forest Park, as a case study, and constructed a structural equation model of residents' tourism perceptions and attitudes based on 358 valid questionnaires obtained from fieldwork. We analyzed the logical connection and influencing relationship between place attachment, residents' perceptions (residents' benefits and environmental perceptions), and community residents' attitudes (security, support, satisfaction), and explored countermeasures and suggestions for building a harmonious host-customer relationship in the Hailuogou area to improve glacier tourism. The results of the study show that the influence of place attachment and residents' perceptions on emotional solidarity is different from the degree of influence of emotional solidarity on residents' tourism attitudes, with the most significant positive influence of place attachment on emotional solidarity and the greatest influence of emotional solidarity on sense of security. Emotional solidarity had a certain mediating effect between place attachment, residents' perceptions, and residents' tourism attitudes. Significantly, emotional solidarity had the most fully mediated effect between place attachment and support, reaching 73.61%. The moderating effect of place attachment reflects that the higher the place attachment, the weaker the correlation between residents' perceptions and residents' tourism attitudes. Meanwhile, residents' tourism attitudes will weaken their influence with the increase in emotional solidarity. Based on the above results, relevant suggestions are made to provide a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the development and management of glacier tourism destinations.

Glaciers are attracting increasing attention in the context of climate change, and glacier tourism has also become a popular tourist product. However, few studies have been conducted concerning the image of glacier tourism destinations. To address this gap in the literature, in this study, we extracted destination images from 138,709 visitor reviews of 107 glacier tourism destinations on TripAdvisor using latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) topic modeling, identified destination image characteristics using salience-valence analysis (SVA), and analyzed the differences in glacier tourism destination image characteristics across seasons and regions. According to the findings, the image of a glacier tourism destination consists of 14 dimensions and 53 attributes, with landscapes and specific activities representing the core image and viewing location and necessity representing the unique image. We identified significant seasonal and regional differences in the image of glacier tourism destinations. Finally, we discussed the unique image of glacier tourism destinations, the reasons for differences in the images, and the characteristics of different glacier tourism regions. This research could assist in the scientific management of their core images by glacier tourism destinations, as well as in the rational selection of destinations and travel timing by glacier tourists.

Ice and snow tourism has yielded considerable socioeconomic benefits, especially for the countries and regions that are rich in ice and snow resources. Boosted by the Beijing Winter Olympics, China's ice and snow tourism economy is likely to usher in a period of high-quality development. This study utilized Hailuogou Glacier Forest Park, a relatively well-developed glacier tourism area in China, as the study area. We used data on the regional GDP of Ganzi Prefecture and the comprehensive tourism revenue of Hailuogou scenic area from the period of 1990-2021 to quantitatively analyze the reciprocal feedback relationships between the regional economic growth of Ganzi Prefecture and the development of Hailuogou glacier tourism. The analyses were performed through the construction of a VAR model and through conducting robustness tests using the instrumental variable method. The results show that there is a long-term equilibrium cointegration relationship between regional economic growth in Ganzi Prefecture and tourism development in the Hailuogou scenic area, with each 1% increase in the former driving a corresponding growth of 2.01% in the latter. There is an asymmetric reciprocal feedback relationship between the economic growth of Ganzi Prefecture and the development of tourism in the Hailuogou scenic area. Economic growth in Ganzi Prefecture significantly contributes to the development of glacier tourism in Hailuogou over a longer period of time, with a contribution rate of 49%; meanwhile, the development of tourism in the Hailuogou scenic area has a limited effect on the quality and acceleration of economic development in Ganzi Prefecture, with a contribution rate of 16%. Based on the above results, relevant policy recommendations are proposed to provide a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the high-quality development of the Hailuogou scenic area in the post-COVID-19 and post-Winter Olympics era.