【中文摘要】碳纳米管(CNTs)改性作为制备新型炭材料的重要手段，其对炭/炭（C/C）复合材料性能的增强效果极为明显。目前，此类复合材料的研究仍处于初级阶段,存在的主要问题有:(1) CNTs/C/C 复合材料的制备方法虽简单,但要制备均一性能的复合材料,制备方法还需进一步改进；(2) 此类材料的研究局限于碳纳米管对原有C/C复合材料的性能改善，因而有必要发展有潜在应用前景的新型炭材料。因此，本项目主要进行了以下研究工作：（1）将功能化碳纳米管作为反应催化剂，引发糠醇单体制备了糠醇树脂/碳纳米管复合材料，通过高温裂解炭化制备出均一性能的新型炭材料-"纳米复合炭"。（2）研究了其作为摩擦材料在不同工况下的摩擦学性能及其失效机理。试验结果表明，碳纳米管的尺寸影响其表面功能化程度，而且不同的改性官能团将决定碳纳米管在复合材料中的分散状态。另外，纳米管分散状态对纳米复合炭材料的摩擦学性能影响较大，但在苛刻的摩擦条件下，碳纳米管的功能化程度对纳米复合炭的摩擦学性能影响不是很明显。我们期望所得研究结果能够为发展新型炭材料提供理论依据。
【英文摘要】The reinforcement of the properties of carbon/carbon (C/C) composites is obvious when the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were used as the assistants. The study of carbon-based composites is still in early period, at present, the mainly existent problems are following: (1) Though the preparation of CNTs/C/C composites is relatively easy, the method to prepare composites with uniform properties is to need further modification; (2) At present, the study of the composites was limited in the modification of traditional C/C composites with CNTs, therefore, it is imperative to develop new carbon materials with potential application. Consequently, the main content of this research is following: (1) Furfuryl resin/CNTs composites have been prepared by using modified CNTs as catalyzer, which can initiate the polymerization of the fufuryl monomer. Nanocomposite carbon with uniform properties have been prepared through pyrogenation of the furfuryl resin/CNTs composites. (2) The tribological properties and failure mechanisms of the composites have been studied. The experimental results show that the sizes of CNTs can affect the degree of surface functionallization, and the different grafted groups on CNTs can determine the dispersion of nanotubes in composites. Additionally, the dispersion state is important for the reinforcement of tribological properties of the prepared nanocomposite carbon; however, under regorous friction conditions, the degree of functionalization of CNTs has not obvious influence on the tribological behaviors of the nanocomposites. The tribological properties of the nanocomposite carbon are not reported by far, so we hope that the research will supply the basic results for the development of new carbon materials.
【结题摘要】碳纳米管(CNTs)改性作为制备新型炭材料的重要手段，其对炭/炭（C/C）复合材料性能的增强效果极为明显。目前，此类复合材料的研究仍处于初级阶段,存在的主要问题有:(1) CNTs/C/C 复合材料的制备方法虽简单,但要制备均一性能的复合材料,制备方法还需进一步改进；(2) 此类材料的研究局限于碳纳米管对原有C/C复合材料的性能改善，因而有必要发展有潜在应用前景的新型炭材料。因此，本项目主要进行了以下研究工作：（1）将功能化碳纳米管作为反应催化剂，引发糠醇单体制备了糠醇树脂/碳纳米管复合材料，通过高温裂解炭化制备出均一性能的新型炭材料-"纳米复合炭"。（2）研究了其作为摩擦材料在不同工况下的摩擦学性能及其失效机理。试验结果表明，碳纳米管的尺寸影响其表面功能化程度，而且不同的改性官能团将决定碳纳米管在复合材料中的分散状态。另外，纳米管分散状态对纳米复合炭材料的摩擦学性能影响较大，但在苛刻的摩擦条件下，碳纳米管的功能化程度对纳米复合炭的摩擦学性能影响不是很明显。我们期望所得研究结果能够为发展新型炭材料提供理论依据。