Although the slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPSs) exhibit highly antifouling performance against various working liquids, the loss of lubricant always deteriorates their long-term durability. Herein, a spongy composite of polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and hydrangea-type perfluorooctyltrimethoxysilane (POTS)-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) has been successfully prepared via the spraying method and used as the substrate for SLIPSs, which exhibits satisfactory storage and lock capacities for lubricant to enhance its durable antifouling performances. After infusing perfluoropolyether (PFPE) into the spongy substrate, a stable POTS-MSNs@PVDF@PFPE is prepared, which exhibits high amphiphobic performances (WSA of 1.68 ± 1.13° and OSA of 5.99 ± 1.34°) and high repellence to various working liquids, indicating its high antifouling performance. The long freezing time of 121.50 s and the low ice-adhesion strength of 25.67 kPa also indicate its high anti-icing performances. Furthermore, the high stability of POTS-MSNs@PVDF@PFPE after various thermal, chemical, and mechanical testing indicates its satisfactory durability. Actually, the abundant micropores of POTS-MSNs@PVDF provide adequate space for locking PFPE, thus prolonging its antifouling performances. This study provides an insight into the development of SLIPSs capable of maintaining long-term antifouling performance in harsh environments.