Design/methodology/approach Measurements are conducted using an optical interference test bench and the MTM2 micro-traction machine, the oil film thickness and friction coefficient (COF) of lithium-based greases with varying consistencies; and develop a mathematical model for evaluating the anti-vibration performance of grease, while also quantitatively analyzing its vibration behavior and anti-wear capabilities. Findings Analysis results indicated that greases (NIGI 1) with moderation consistency demonstrate superior anti-vibration performance and are less prone to wear. The proposed model effectively captures the relationship between anti-vibration performance, COF and wear. Originality/value This provides a robust framework for guiding the selection of lubricating grease under practical operating conditions.