Cubic boron nitride (cBN)-reinforced metal matrix composites demonstrate exceptional mechanical performance as advanced tool materials. In this study, cBN/CuSnTi composites were fabricated via powder extrusion printing (PEP). The phase evolution, elemental partitioning, and interfacial architecture were systematically investigated. A comprehensive assessment of sintering-driven densification mechanisms, interfacial bonding mechanisms, and tribological behaviors was conducted. Results reveal a temperature-adaptive phase transformation sequence: Cu 13.7Sn + Cu 10Sn 3 → Cu 13.7Sn → Cu 13.7Sn + Cu 41Sn 11 and semi-coherent cBN-reinforcement interfaces, achieving optimal flexural strength (719.1 MPa at 900 °C) and compressive strength (772.1 MPa at 1000 °C). The composite exhibits temperature-adaptive tribological performance. For the 800 °C sintered samples, the friction coefficient increased from 0.09 at room temperature to 0.27 at 300 °C. In contrast, the 900 °C sintered samples exhibited a decrease from 0.47 to 0.18 under the same temperature conditions.PEP-derived composites exhibit superior service-temperature programmability, with in situ oxide films improving high-temperature wear resistance.