This study fabricated Ti6Al4V/NiCr-Cr 3C 2/Ni-MoS 2/Y 2O 3 composite coatings via laser cladding technology, systematically investigating the effects of Y 2O 3 content (0–8 wt%) on microstructure and tribological properties across a wide temperature range (25–800 °C). Combining first-principles calculations with experimental characterization, we demonstrated that Y 2O 3 addition significantly improved coating formation quality, suppressed crack generation, and refined grain structure. The coatings primarily consisted of TiC, Ti 2S, Ti 2Ni, TiS 3, Y 2O 3 and β-Ti matrix. Results revealed that the 4 wt% Y 2O 3 coating exhibited optimal comprehensive performance: the room-temperature coefficient of friction decreased to 0.39 with a 23.1 % reduction in wear rate compared to the substrate, while at 800 °C the wear rate was merely 0.64 % of its room-temperature value with further significantly reduced coefficient of friction. First-principles calculations elucidated the strengthening mechanisms of TiC and Ti 2S as well as the self-lubricating characteristics of TiS 3, providing theoretical foundations for coating performance optimization. This research offers valuable insights for designing wear-resistant and friction-reducing coatings in aerospace applications.