As energy and environmental issues intensify, there is growing attention on the development of devices for recovering dispersed renewable energy sources. However, existing equipment is mostly designed for single types of energy, resulting in low collection efficiency and vulnerability to environmental impacts. Meanwhile, using multiple devices to collect different energy sources can lead to spatial incompatibility and system complexity. Therefore, developing multi-mode devices capable of recovering various types of energy is of great significance, with the key challenges lying in material preparation and device integration. Herein, a structurally simplified power generator has been successfully developed, which integrates evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic technology with triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG)-based water droplet mechanical energy harvesting. By assembling a graphene oxide (GO) assembly layer onto a composite substrate of non-woven fabric and polyimide, power generation based on the evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic effect is achieved. Meanwhile, by utilizing a PTFE layer as the triboelectric material and combining it with a corrosion-resistant electrode composed of flash graphene and the self-assembled GO for generating evaporation-induced electricity, the recovery of mechanical energy from water droplets is realized. Under the evaporation-driven hydrovoltaic mode, the device generates an output voltage of 0.42 V and an output power density of 0.5 μW/cm 2; while under the TENG mode, its output voltage reaches 300 V with an output power density of 17 mW/cm 2. Thus, this device demonstrates broad potential for recovering various forms of renewable energy in the environment.
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