Two-dimensional (2D) Ti 3C 2T x MXene materials have gained significant attention as promising lubricant additives owing to their unique layered structure and intrinsic self-lubricating properties. In this work, a DDP/MXene hybrid lubricant additive with excellent tribological performance was prepared through a simple ultrasonic dispersion method. Tribological testing demonstrated that the DDP/MXene system achieves an ultra-low friction coefficient of 0.0059 under contact stresses up to 1.46 GPa, representing reductions 92.4% in friction and 88.12% in wear volume compared to the base oil PAO6. Notably, the hybrid DDP/MXene nano-additive exhibits enhanced lubrication performance over its individual components. The superior performance is attributed to the synergistic mechanisms: DDP decomposes to form sulfur- and phosphorus-rich tribochemical films that chemically protect the surface, while MXene nanosheets enhance inter-layer sliding and facilitate in-situ surface repair through physical deposition. The resulting complex tribofilm exhibits improved friction-reduction and an increased load-bearing capacity under various conditions.
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