In this work, a comprehensive study was carried out on the structure, phase composition, microhardness, corrosion resistance, and tribological properties of WC-Co and WC-Co-Cr coatings deposited by detonation spraying onto a 30Kh13 corrosion-resistant steel substrate. The obtained coatings were shown to possess a dense microstructure with low porosity (~1%) and high adhesion to the substrate. X-ray phase analysis revealed the predominant presence of the WC phase without signs of W2C formation, which is attributed to the low thermal impact during the detonation spraying process. The introduction of chromium into the binder phase contributed to a more uniform distribution of carbide particles and enhanced the adhesion strength of the coating to the substrate. Electrochemical tests demonstrated that the WC-Co-Cr coating exhibits higher corrosion resistance compared to WC-Co due to the formation of Cr-containing passive films. Tribological tests revealed a reduction in the coefficient of friction and wear under dry sliding conditions when using WC-Co and WC-Co-Cr coatings compared to the 30Kh13 steel substrate. In an oil environment, the coefficient of friction of all samples decreased to 0.09–0.12, which is associated with the formation of a lubricating film. At the same time, the WC-Co-Cr coatings demonstrated the lowest wear rate and the highest resistance to tribocorrosion effects.