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Improvements in and relating to lubricating compositions

专利摘要

A lubricating oil composition, a method of reducing low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) in a direct-injected spark-ignited internal combustion engine, and a use of a lubricant composition to reduce LSPI events in such an engine. Preferably, the composition comprises a detergent comprising an overbased calcium detergent having a total base number (TBN) of at least 150, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a calcium content of at least 0.08 wt%, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and wherein the lubricating oil composition has a silicon content of at least 12 ppm by weight, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition. ......

基本信息

专利类型:
发明专利
申请/专利号:
EP2018156541
申请日期:
2018-02-13
专利申请人:
英菲诺姆国际有限公司
分类号:
C10M169/04
发明/设计人:
STIDDER, GREGORY ， SHAW, ROBERT ， CRICK, SIMON
权利要求: 1. A lubricating oil composition comprising a base oil of lubricating viscosity, a calcium containing detergent, and a silicon containing additive, wherein: the calcium containing detergent provides the lubricating oil composition with a calcium content of at least 0.08 wt %, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition; the lubricating oil composition has a calcium content of from 0.08 wt % to 0.25 wt %, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition; the silicon containing additive provides the lubricating oil composition with a silicon content of at least 12 ppm by weight, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition; and, the silicon containing additive is one or more compounds selected from the list consisting of: (i) siloxane compounds according to Formula 1, wherein n is from 50 to 450 and R1 and R2 are independently C1-C10 alkyl; (ii) small molecule silicon compounds according to Formula 2, wherein each of R1, R2, R3 and R4 is, independently, a C1-C10 alkyl group or a C1-C10 aklyoxy group; and, (iii) silazane compounds according to according to Formula 3, wherein, each of R1 and R2 is, independently, a C1-C3 hydrocarbyl group.2. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a silicon content of at least 15 ppm, by weight, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.3. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 2, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a silicon content of greater than 20 ppm, by weight, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.4. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a silicon content of from 12 to 2000 ppm, by weight, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.5. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 4, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a silicon content of from greater than 20 to 2000 ppm, by weight, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.6. A lubricating oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the silicon content of the lubricating oil composition is provided entirely by the silicon containing additive.7. A lubricating oil composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the silicon-containing compound is a siloxane compound according to Formula 1, wherein n is from 50 to 450, and wherein R1 and R2 are methyl.8. A lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the silicon-containing compound is a small molecule silicon compound having a molecular weight of no more than 600 g/mol.9. A lubricating oil composition according to claim 8, wherein the small molecule silicon compound has a molecular weight of no more than 300 g/mol.10. A lubricating oil composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, 8 and 9, wherein the silicon-containing compound is a small molecule silicon compound according to Formula 2 and comprises one or more silicon-containing compounds selected from the list consisting of tetraethylsilane (Si(C2H5)4), tetraethyl orthosilicate (Si(OC2H5)4), triethoxymethylsilane (CH3Si(OC2H5)3) and tetrabutyl orthosilicate (Si(OC4H9)4).11. A lubricating oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the silicon-containing compound is a silazane compound according to Formula 3, wherein each of R1 and R2 is, independently, a C1-C3 alkyl group.12. A lubricating oil composition as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein 100% of the calcium content of the lubricating oil composition is provided by the calcium containing detergent.13. The use, in the lubrication of the crankcase of a direct injection-spark ignition internal combustion engine, of one or more silicon-containing compounds selected from the list consisting of (i) siloxane compounds of Formula 1, as defined in any preceding claim; (ii) small molecule silicon compounds of Formula 2, as defined in any preceding claim; and, (iii) silazane compounds of Formula 3, as defined in any one of the preceding claims, as an additive in a lubricating oil composition to reduce the frequency of low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) events in said engine during lubrication of the engine, wherein the lubricating oil composition comprises a base oil of lubricating viscosity and a calcium containing detergent providing the lubricating oil composition with a calcium content of at least 0.08 wt%, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition, and wherein the silicon containing additive provides the lubricating oil composition with a silicon content of at least 12 ppm by weight, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.14. The use as claimed in claim 13, wherein, in operation, the engine generates a brake mean effective pressure level, as defined herein, of greater than 1,500 kPa, optionally greater than 2,000 kPa, at engine speeds of from 1,000 to 2,500 rotations per minute (rpm), optionally from 1,000 to 2,000 rpm.15. The use as claimed in claim 13 or 14, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a calcium content of at least 0.12 wt%, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.16. The use as claimed in any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a silicon content of from 12 to 2000 ppm, preferably greater than 20 to 2000 ppm, by weight, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.17. The use as claimed in any one of claims claim 13, 14 or 16, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a calcium content of from 0.08 wt % to 0.25 wt %, based on the weight of the lubricating oil composition.18. The use as claimed in claim 17, wherein 100 % of the calcium content of the lubricating oil composition is provided by the calcium containing detergent.19. The use of a lubricating oil composition as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, in the lubrication of the crankcase of a direct injection-spark ignition internal combustion engine, to reduce the frequency of low-speed pre-ignition (LSPI) events in said engine.