润滑科技信息平台

专利摘要

本发明涉及冶金领域,涉及复合材料,例如可用于与产品接触的采矿、混合和加工厂的部件或用于水泥生产的工厂。本发明的目的在于详细说明具有非常高耐磨性的复合材料,以及详细说明用于它们的生产的简单且廉价的方法。该问题通过具有非常高耐磨性的复合材料解决,该复合材料由铸铁基合金组成,其中至少在某些区域嵌入硬质材料颗粒,硬质材料颗粒至少部分地被粘结相包围并且在通过结合相至少部分地相互连接,并且在铁基合金中存在碳的沉淀物,碳的层状或层状沉淀物仅存在于硬质材料颗粒和/或硬质材料颗粒周围的粘合剂相距硬质材料颗粒表面的最大距离为 10 毫米。 ......

基本信息

专利类型:
发明专利
申请/专利号:
EP2018157076
申请日期:
2018-02-16
专利申请人:
分类号:
B22D19/00; B22F7/08; C22C33/02; C22C37/00; C22C37/04; C04B41/00; C04B41/45; C04B41/88; B22D19/02; C22C1/08; B22F7/00; B22F5/00; B22F7/06; C04B111/00
发明/设计人:
STANDKE, GISELA ， ADLER, JÖRG ， FÜSSEL, ALEXANDER ， NELLE, STEFAN ， FÜSSEL, THOMAS
权利要求: 1. Composite materials having very high wear resistance and consisting of a cast iron-based alloy incorporating regions at least of hard-substance particles, the hard-substance particles being at least partly surrounded by a binder phase and being at least partly joined to one another via the binder phase, and the binder phase is different from the cast iron-based alloy, and in the cast iron-based alloy there are precipitates of carbon, characterized in that lamelliform or lamellar precipitates of carbon are present solely in the region of the hard-substance particles and/or of the binder phase around the hard-substance particles at a maximum distance from the hard-substance particle surface of 10 mm.2. Composite materials according to Claim 1, wherein only the regions of the composite materials that are subject to high wear stress comprise hard-substance particles and at least partly a binder phase and lamelliform or lamellar precipitates of carbon.3. Composite materials according to Claim 1, wherein the cast iron-based alloy has a carbon content of 1.5% to 6.67% by mass and may comprise fractions of Mn, Cr, Ni and/or Si, and/or wherein, in addition to the lamelliform or lamellar precipitates, the cast iron-based alloy comprises spherical and/or vermicular precipitates of carbon and/or the carbon is present in bound form as cementite and/or carbide.4. Composite materials according to Claim 1, wherein hard-substance particles present comprise particles of metal carbides and/or metal nitrides and/or metal oxides, advantageously particles of cubic boron nitride, titanium nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, aluminium oxide and/or zirconium oxide.5. Composite materials according to Claim 1, wherein the binder phase has an amorphous structure with crystalline fractions of between 20% and 80%.6. Composite materials according to Claim 1, wherein a non-metallic binder phase composed of aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, chromium oxide, silicon carbide, boron carbide and/or mixtures thereof and/or compounds thereof is formed, and/or wherein a metallic binder phase composed of metals, of mixtures or compounds/alloys of cobalt, nickel, nickel-chromium and/or iron is formed.7. Composite materials according to Claim 1, wherein the lamelliform or lamellar precipitates of carbon in the cast iron-based alloy are disposed at least in the region of the interface between cast iron-based alloy and hard-substance particles and/or between cast iron-based alloy and binder phase in direct contact with the hard-substance particles and/or are disposed at a distance of not more than 10 mm from the hard-substance particles, and/or are disposed in uniform distribution in the region of the hard-substance particles and/or of the binder phase, and/or wherein the lamelliform or lamellar precipitates of carbon are disposed in the cast iron-based alloy in the region of the interface between cast iron-based alloy and hard-substance particles and/or between cast iron-based alloy and binder phase at least predominantly at an angle of 45 to 90° to the respective interface.8. Composite materials according to Claim 1, wherein at least regionally in the cast iron-based alloy, in the region incorporating hard-substance particles, the fraction of hard-substance particles and binder phase is 20-60% by volume.9. Method for producing composite materials having very high wear resistance according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8, wherein hard-substance particles are processed with at least one temporary binder and materials for producing the binder phase to give a porous, network-like green body, after which the green body is subjected to a temperature treatment for sintering, or the green body is introduced into a casting mould and is subjected to preheating, and after the sintering or preheating of the green body, at least the cavities of the resultant porous, network-like sintered body or preheated green body are filled with a liquid cast iron-based alloy and the composite material is cooled.10. Method according to Claim 9, wherein hard-substance particles used comprise particles of metal carbides and/or metal nitrides and/or metal oxides, advantageously particles of cubic boron nitride, titanium nitride, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, aluminium oxide and/or zirconium oxide.11. Method according to Claim 9, wherein materials used for producing the non-metallic binder phase comprise aluminium oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, silicon carbide, boron carbide and/or mixtures thereof and/or compounds thereof, and/or wherein materials used for producing the metallic binder phase comprise metals, mixtures or compounds/alloys of cobalt, nickel, nickel-chromium and/or iron.12. Method according to Claim 9, wherein materials for producing the binder phase are used in an amount with which the hard-substance particles are at least partly enveloped and joined to one another to give a network-like green body.13. Method according to Claim 9, wherein a porous, network-like sintered body is produced which consists of hard-substance particles joined to one another by means of the materials for producing the binder phase.14. Method according to Claim 9, wherein the cavities of the sintered body and/or of the green body preheated in the casting mould are filled at least partly, as far as possible completely, with liquid cast iron.