Design/methodology/approach Friction coefficient, contact surface temperature and lubrication state under different speeds were investigated. The transition of the friction mechanism of the micro-textured surface induced by the initial oil film thickness was revealed, and the control model of the lubrication state of the micro-textured surface was established. Findings It was found that the speed and initial oil film thickness had a greater influence on the tribological performance of the micro-textured surface. The friction interface was in a semi-dry friction state with a speed of less than 0.06 m/s. The friction coefficient decreased with the increase of initial oil film thickness, and the wear mechanism was abrasive wear, adhesive wear and fatigue wear. Originality/value This work focuses on the influence of velocity and initial oil film thickness on the friction coefficient, friction temperature and fractal dimension of the worn surface; the wear mechanism of the micro-structured surface was discussed; and the control model of the lubrication state of the micro-textured surface was established.