To enhance the tribological properties of CuNiAl, a textured composite surface was fabricated by filling WS 2 solid lubricant (silane coupling method) into micro-dimples with varying area densities (40%, 45%, and 50%). The tribological behaviors of original (No MT), microtextured (MT), and WS 2-filled microtextured (MT-WS 2)—were evaluated under dry and oil-lubricated conditions. With a density of 45%, the MT-WS 2 sample demonstrated the best tribological performance. Under dry conditions, its average friction coefficient (AFC) and wear rate (WR) decreased by 27.87% and 76.9%, respectively, compared to the No MT sample, and by 49.16% and 87.1%, respectively, compared to the MT sample. Under oil lubrication, the reductions in AFC and WR were 2.96% and 64.8% relative to the No MT sample, and 2.81% and 61.33% relative to the MT sample. The improvement mechanism involves WS 2 forming a solid lubricating film during dry friction, while in oil, it synergizes with lubricant to create a composite film that significantly enhances wear resistance.