Certain branched carboxylic acids may serve as improved lubricity additive compositions in distillate fuels, and in particular for cold weather applications. Suitable branched carboxylic acids may include, but are not necessarily limited to, isostearic acid, neodecanoic acid, isononanoic acid, neononanoic acid, neoundecanoic acid, isovaleric acid, pivalic acid, and the like and mixtures thereof. The branched carboxylic acids may be used alone or together with straight chain carboxylic acids, and optionally with an aromatic solvent.
LA INVENCION SE REFIERE A CONCENTRADOS DE ADITIVOS PARA CARBURANTES Y LUBRICANTES, QUE CONTIENEN POR LO MENOS UN DERIVADO DE ANTRAQUINONA COMO SUSTANCIA MARCADORA, AL USO DE TALES CONCENTRADOS PARA LA ADITIVACION DE ACEITES MINERALES, ASI COMO A ACEITES MINERALES, QUE CONTIENEN TALES CONCENTRADOS.
High molecular weight, oil-soluble, mono- and polycarboxylic acid esters are posttreated with mono- or polycarboxylic acid acylating reagents to provide compositions useful as dispersants in lubricants and fuels. Esters of polyisobutenyl-substituted succinic anhydride and pentaerythritol posttreated with maleic anhydride exemplify the process and compositions of this invention.
The present invention is directed to the use of cyclic amide alkoxylate compounds as additives in fuel compositions having a major amount of a mixture of hydrocarbons in the gasoline boiling range and a minor amount of one or more cyclic amide alkoxylate compounds of the formula:(I) wherein x is from 2 to 20 and y is from 1 to 50. R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms. R3 is hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms and R4 is independently hydrocarbyl of 2 to 100 carbon atoms. R5 is hydrogen, hydrocarbyl of 1 to 100 carbon atoms or acyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms. The invention is also directed to the use of these cyclic amide alkoxylate compounds for decreasing intake valve deposits, controlling octane requirement increases and reducing octane requirement. The invention is further directed to novel cyclic amide alkoxylate compounds.
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Dispersant and/or V.I. -improving additives for lubricants and hydrocarbon fuels comprising oil-soluble hydroxylated polymeric materials made by reacting alkali metal salts of 2-200 (2-24) C polyols with halogen-contg. 0.1-7.0 wt.% polymers, esp. ethylene-contg. polymers. The polymeric additives have no. mol. wt. 1000-500000 (20000-100000) and contain 0.1-15.0 (0.2-10.0) % wt. oxygen. The halogen contg. polymer is chosen from halogenated ethylene (30-85 mole %) and 3-18 (3-8) C integral-olefin (15-70 mole %) copolymers, and terpolymers of these with 20 mole % acyclic or alicylic 5-14 C non-conjugated diolefins or halo-olefins. The polyols have formula R-C-(CH2OHeo (where R = H, 1-20 C alkyl, methylol, hydroxy alkyl, pentaerythritol) and have one hydroxy gp. metallated with alkali metal. The pref. polyol salt used is sodium pentaerythritorl, and when used pref. diolefins include 1,4-hexadiene. The additives are used in lubricating oils in amts. of 0.01-10 (0.1-7) wt.% and in fuels in amts. of 0.001-0.5 (0.001-0.1) wt.%.
A heating of fuel oil mixt. contains (a) a major amt. of a middle distillate fuel with boiling range 120-400 degrees C, and a smaller amt. of an additive for improving the flowproperties which consists of (b) as first component, an oil-sol. polymer with av. mol. wt. of 500-50,000, which lowers the solidifying pt. and is a (halogenated) polyethylene, hydrogenated polyolefin, 10-18C polyolefin or a copolymer of 3-40 moles of ethylene with 1 mole of (i) a vinyl ester of a 1-17C, pref. 2-9C, monocarboxylic acid, (ii) an ester of formula: where X is H, halogen or alkyl and Y is halogen or COOR, where R is a 1-16C, pref. 2-8C alkyl or aryl residue, (ii) a cpd. of formula: R'-C-COOR" Where R' is H or lower alkyl and R" is 1-16C, pref. 2-8C alkyl, or (iv) a 3-18C, pref. 3-8C olefinic hydrocarbon, and (c) as second component, an N-free, oil-sol. additive which improves the flow properties and has is not 1 straight-chain (CH2)n segment, where n = 10-30, and a larger or bulky substit. on the polymethylene segment which is (v) a non-polar hydrocarbon gp. without satd. cyclic hydrocarbon and/or (vi) a polar gp. which contains halogen, O, S or P.
The invention relates to an additive mixture, which contains at least one aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, at least one polycyclic carboxylic acid and at least one copolymer consisting of low olefins and of unsaturated esters. The invention also relates to the use of this additive mixture for adding to mineral oil products, in particular, to both fuel oil compositions and lubricant compositions, and relates to concentrates that all contain this additive mixture.
Modified long-chain polyamines of formula (I), have terminal lactam group(s), in which R1 = linear or branched polyalkyl with a number average molecular weight (Mn) of 150-40000; n = 0 or 1; Z = alkylene with 3-5 carbon (C) atoms, optionally with alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, arylalkyl or heteroarylalkyl substituent(s); A = a group of formula (II); Alk = optionally substituted alkylene; R2 = hydrogen (H), alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl or aryl; m = -=1-; if n = 0, X = nitrogen (N); if n = 1, X = -NH- or -NR3-; R3 = alkyl; or X-A = a chemical bond. Also claimed are lubricant and fuel compositions and additives containing compound(s) (I) and optionally other usual additives.
A process for post-treating oil-soluble esters of mono- or polycarboxylic acids and polyhydric alcohols with organic epoxides. The acyl moiety of the esters is derived from mono- or polycarboxylic acids containing at least about fifty aliphatic carbon atoms exlusive of the carboxyl carbon atoms. The products are useful as lubricant and fuel additives. A typical example of the process would be the post-treatment of a diester of polyisobutenyl1-substituted succinic acid and sorbitol with propylene oxide.
