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机械工程学会摩擦学分会 固体润滑国家重点实验室 摩擦学学报
Polymers as additives for fuels and lubricants
专利摘要

The invention relates to the use of copolymers obtainable by - in a first reaction step (I) - copolymerization of (A) at least one ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid or derivatives thereof, preferably a dicarboxylic acid, (B) at least one α-olefin having from at least 12 up to and including 30 carbon atoms, (C) optionally at least one further aliphatic or cycloaliphatic olefin comprising at least 4 carbon atoms, which is distinct from (B), and (D) optionally one or more further copolymerizable monomers which are distinct from the monomers (A), (B) and (C), selected from the group consisting of (Da) vinyl esters, (Db) vinyl ethers, (Dc) (meth)acrylic acid esters of alcohols comprising at least 5 carbon atoms, (Dd) allyl alcohols or ethers thereof, (De) N-vinyl compounds selected from the group consisting of vinyl compounds of heterocycles containing at least one nitrogen atom, N-vinyl amides or N-vinyl lactams, (Df) ethylenically unsaturated aromatics, (Dg) α,β-ethylenically unsaturated nitriles, (Dh) (meth)acrylic acid amides and (Di) allyl amines, followed by - in a second reaction step (II) - partial or complete reaction of anhydride or carboxylic acid functionalities present in the copolymer obtained in (I) with at least one compound (E) which contains at least one alcohol group or at least one amino group and at least one carboxylic acid group or at least one carboxylic acid ester group, and - in a third reaction step (III) - hydrolysis of the anhydride functionalities present in the copolymer obtained in (II) and/or partial or complete saponification of carboxylic acid ester functionalities present in the copolymer obtained in (II) as a fuel or lubricant additive, in particular as a diesel fuel additive. ......

基本信息
  • 专利类型:

    发明专利

  • 申请/专利号:

    EP2018720113

  • 申请日期:

    2018-04-03

  • 专利申请人:

    BASF SE

  • 分类号:

    C10M145/16; C10M149/06; C10M159/00; C10L1/196; C10L1/236; C10L10/18

  • 发明/设计人:

    FLORES-FIGUEROA, AARON ， PERETOLCHIN, MAXIM ， GARCIA CASTRO, IVETTE

  • 权利要求: 1. The use of copolymers obtainable by - in a first reaction step (I) copolymerizing (A) at least one ethylenically unsaturated mono- or dicarboxylic acid or derivatives thereof, preferably a dicarboxylic acid, where the derivatives are - the relevant anhydrides in monomeric or else polymeric form, - mono- or dialkyl esters, or - mixed esters, (B) at least one α-olefin having from at least 12 up to and including 30 carbon atoms, (C) optionally at least one further aliphatic or cycloaliphatic olefin which has at least 4 carbon atoms and is different than (B) and (D) optionally one or more further copolymerizable monomers other than monomers (A), (B) and (C), selected from the group consisting of (Da) vinyl esters, (Db) vinyl ethers, (Dc) (meth)acrylic esters of alcohols having at least 5 carbon atoms, (Dd) allyl alcohols or ethers thereof, (De) N-vinyl compounds selected from the group consisting of vinyl compounds of heterocycles containing at least one nitrogen atom, N-vinylamides or N-vinyllactams, (Df) ethylenically unsaturated aromatics, (Dg) α,β-ethylenically unsaturated nitriles, (Dh) (meth)acrylamides and (Di) allylamines, followed by - in a second reaction step (II) partly or fully reacting anhydride or carboxylic acid functionalities present in the copolymer obtained from (I) with at least one compound (E) having at least one alcohol group or amino group and at least one carboxylic acid group, and - in a third reaction step (III) hydrolyzing the anhydride functionalities present in the copolymer obtained from (II), as fuel additive or lubricant additive, especially diesel fuel additive.2. The use according to claim 1, wherein compound (E) is selected from the group consisting of - (E1) compounds (E) having at least one amino group, - (E2) compounds (E) having at least one hydroxyl group, and - (E3) polyesters having a molecular weight of less than 1500 g/mol.3. The use according to claim 2, wherein compound (E1) is selected from the group consisting of aspartic acid and glutamic acid.4. The use according to claim 2, wherein compound (E2) is selected from the group consisting of citric acid (2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid) and isocitric acid (1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid).5. The use according to claim 2, wherein compound (E3) comprises polyesters of at least trifunctional alcohols with difunctional or higher-functionality carboxylic acids, where the alcohols have hydroxyl groups having at least two chemically different reactivities.6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the alcohol is glycerol.7. The use according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the dicarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecane-α,ω-dicarboxylic acid, dodecane-α,ω-dicarboxylic acid, cis- and trans-cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, cis- and trans-cyclohexane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid, cis- and trans-cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylic acid, cis- and trans-cyclopentane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, cis- and trans-cyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid.8. The use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the anhydride functionalities present in the copolymer after reaction step (II) are hydrolyzed.9. The use according to any of the preceding claims as diesel fuel additive for reducing the level of and/or avoiding deposits in the fuel systems, especially injection systems, such as, in particular, internal diesel injector deposits (IDID), and/or valve sticking in direct injection diesel engines, especially in common rail injection systems.10. The use according to claim 9 as diesel fuel additive for reducing the level of and/or avoiding internal diesel injector deposits (IDID) caused by Na, Ca and/or K ions.11. The use according to claim 9 as diesel fuel additive for reducing the level of and/or avoiding internal diesel injector deposits (IDID) caused by polymeric deposits.12. The use according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the fuel is selected from diesel fuels, biodiesel fuels, gasoline fuels and alkanol-containing gasoline fuels.

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